GESSIUS FLORUS°

GESSIUS FLORUS°
GESSIUS FLORUS°, the last procurator of Judea before the Jewish War; governed from 64–66 C.E. He was appointed on the recommendation of Nero's consort Poppaea Sabina (Tacitus, Historiae, 5:10). Florus showed himself to be an oppressive and rapacious ruler. On the occasion of a visit to Jerusalem of the Roman governor of Syria, cestius gallus Gaius, the Jews complained bitterly to him of the procurator's conduct. On his departure the situation deteriorated. With the renewal of the quarrel at Caesarea between the Jews and the Syrians over the local synagogue, Florus promised the Jews his support but later adopted an anti-Jewish attitude (TJ, Bik. 2:3, 65d). The arrest of Jewish leaders who had come to Sebaste to enlist his aid, and his plundering of 17 talents from the Temple treasury, aroused the anger of the people against him, and the Jews sarcastically collected money in the streets of Jerusalem for the "indigent procurator." Florus demanded that those responsible should be handed over to him for punishment and finally ordered his soldiers to sack Jerusalem, paying no attention to the intercession of berenice , the sister of agrippa ii . For a while the leading citizens were able to calm the people, but when Florus led his troops on the city the Jews rose in arms and succeeded in halting the Roman advance. Fearing a second attempt, the Jews now broke down the porticoes connecting the Temple Mount with the fortress of Antonia, whereupon Florus returned to Caesarea. Agrippa tried to calm the people, but they refused to submit any more to the orders of the procurator. Both Florus and the Jews gave the governor of Syria their own version of what had taken place. The latter sent an emissary to Jerusalem to learn the truth of the matter and subsequently informed Nero   that the blame for the outbreak of war rested on Florus. There is no doubt that Florus's conduct was one of the chief causes of the ensuing war which resulted in the destruction of the Second Temple. -BIBLIOGRAPHY: Jos., Ant., 20:252–68; Jos., Wars, 2:277ff., 558; Schuerer, Gesch, 1 (19014), 585,601ff.; Pauly-Wissowa, 13 (1910), 1325–28, no. 5. (Lea Roth)

Encyclopedia Judaica. 1971.

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  • Gessius Florus — was the Roman procurator of Judea from 64 until 66. Born in Clazomenae, Florus was appointed to replace Lucceius Albinus as procurator by the Emperor Nero due to his wife s friendship with Nero s wife Poppaea. He was noted for his public greed… …   Wikipedia

  • Gessĭus Florus — Gessĭus Florus, gebürtig aus Klazomenä in Kleinasien, wurde 64 n. Chr. Procurator von Judäa, wo er aber mit solcher Härte u. Grausamkeit gegen die Einwohner verfuhr, daß ein Aufruhr ausbrach, der zum Kriege führte; dieser wurde erst durch die… …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Gessĭus Florus — Gessĭus Florus, geb. zu Klazomenä in Kleinasien, erhielt durch Vermittelung seiner Gattin Kleopatra, einer Freundin Poppäas, der Gemahlin Neros, 65 n. Chr. die Statthalterschaft von Judäa und beschleunigte durch seine Käuflichkeit, Habsucht und… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • GESSIUS Florus — Procurator Iudaeae, sub quo bellum ortum, in quo occidit. Tac. Hist. l. 5. c. 10 …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • Gessius Florus — Die Provinz Judäa im 1 Jahrhundert n. Chr. Gessius Florus war ein römischer Ritter und als Nachfolger des Lucceius Albinus der letzte der sieben Prokuratoren in Judäa. Seine Amtszeit 64–66 n. Chr. endete mit dem Ausbruch des ersten jüdischen… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Florus (Begriffsklärung) — Florus ist der Name von Florus, römischer Historiker in der Zeit der Kaiser Trajan (98–117) und Hadrian (117–138). Gaius Aquillius Florus, römischer Politiker während des Ersten Punischen Krieges Gessius Florus, römischer Prokurator in Judäa… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Florus (disambiguation) — Florus may refer to: * Florus, a 2nd century Roman historian. * Gessius Florus, Roman procurator of Judea from AD 64 until 66. * Julius Florus, Roman poet, orator, and jurist. * Publius Annius Florus, Roman poet and rhetorician * Florus of Lyon,… …   Wikipedia

  • Florus — Florus, 1) Julius, ein Freund des Horatius, an welchen dieser Dichter zwei seiner Episteln richtete. F. befand sich in der Umgebung des Tiberius, als dieser 20 v. Chr. nach Armenien ging, um den König Tigranes einzusetzen, dann 11 v. Chr. mit… …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • FLORUS Gessius — Clazomenius, Praefectus Iudaeae, post Albinum. Obavaritiam, cum crudelitate coniunctam, belli Iudaici contra Romanos auctor. Ioseph. Antiqq. l. 20. c. 9. de B. I. l. 2. c. 13. 14. et 15 …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • PROCURATOR — PROCURATOR, title of the governors (first over Judea, later over most of Palestine) appointed by Rome during the years 6–41 and 44–66 C.E. From a recently discovered inscription in which pontius pilate is mentioned, it appears that the title of… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

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